The late 1950s found Lotus Engineering Company Limited with a class win at Le Mans under its belt, but with Colin Chapman fast coming to the conclusion that he needed funds from a road car to maintain his racing program.

The answer was the Lotus MkVI, a forerunner to the clubman style car powered by a Ford 10, side-valve engine. The Lotus Seven was next, which proved so popular that clones are still being made in many corners of the world. The all fiberglass Elite, with Coventry Climax power, followed, which to many is the prettiest car ever built. The Lotus Elan first saw the light of day in 1962, and with its DOHC version of Ford’s 1500-cc engine is still exciting many enthusiasts.

Four years later, in 1966, Chapman surprised the motoring world again with the introduction of the Europa S1.

While all Lotus cars beforehand were conventional front engine/rear drive configurations, the Europa was a complete departure from whatever had been produced by the company before.

That it was mid-engined surely showed the influence on Chapman by the Grand Prix cars of the day. While the Elan was powered by a DOHC Ford engine, many enthusiasts wondered about the choice of the 1,470-cc four-cylinder engine and four-speed transaxle gearbox from the less than sporting Renault 16, which produced all of 82 bhp. Especially so as the Renault 16 was front-wheel drive with its engine out front, but behind the differential and the gearbox.

We all know that Colin Chapman was a very shrewd gentleman who realized that turning the Renault engine/gearbox around 180-degrees would make it perfect for a mid-engine car. Even the position of the water pump and drive belts suited such an arrangement, as they were at the flywheel end of the engine.

Now, of course, with everything turned around, this presented a car with four reverse gears and a single forward, but that was easily resolved by mounting the differential crownwheel on the other side of the pinion gear.

It was Chapman’s idea that the Europa (or Lotus 46) was to be an economical road-going sports car that would eventually replace the Lotus Seven. As with many Lotus cars, the components were designed to perform more than one function. For example at the rear, the driveshafts formed the fixed-length upper links with Hooke’s joints, while the straight tube lower links pivoted on the rear hub housing and bellhousing. Radius arms provided the fore and aft positioning.

Economy was the name of the game with the chassis/body initially bonded together, which was great from an engineering and financial point, but presented a slight problem with accident repairs. The windows and seats were also fixed, which may have been fine in the cooler months, but not so when it’s warmer or in other parts of the world. Again, Chapman’s solution was inspired, with the front luggage compartment also serving as a plenum chamber which forced great quantities of air into the cockpit. This was great when the vehicle was moving, but being stuck in traffic in warmer weather was to be avoided. Also out in front was the thermo fan-assisted radiator exhausting into the right front fender.

The idiosyncrasies of the Europa were put right with the introduction of the S2 (Lotus 54) in 1967. Not only was the body now fully detachable, but the occupants had the luxury of window glass that could be raised and lowered electrically, along with adjustable seats. While still fitted with the Renault engine/gearbox (albeit now 1,565-cc) the top speed of the Europa S2 was 115 mph.

Contemporary press reports ran both hot and cold about the Europa. Everyone loved the idea of a mid-engined sports car for the road, but cried out for more performance. While most lauded the forward and side vision, it was not the same toward the rear through the letterbox style rear window. On top of that, everyone commented that a certain amount of physical dexterity was needed to get in and out of the Europa. However, once inside, many commentators praised the driving position.

BODYWORK
BODY TYPE 2 seater fixed-head coupé
NUMBER OF DOORS 2
DESIGNER
DIMENSIONS & WEIGHTS
WHEELBASE 2311 mm 91 inches
TRACK/TREAD (FRONT) 1346 mm 53 inches
TRACK/TREAD (REAR) 1353 mm 53.3 inches
LENGTH 3975 mm 156.5 inches
WIDTH 1638 mm 64.5 inches
HEIGHT 1067 mm 42 inches
GROUND CLEARANCE
LENGTH:WHEELBASE RATIO 1.72
KERB WEIGHT 660 kg 1455 lb
WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
FUEL TANK CAPACITY
AERODYNAMICS
DRAG COEFFICIENT 0.29
FRONTAL AREA
CDA
POWERTRAIN
ENGINE TYPE naturally aspirated petrol
ENGINE MANUFACTURER Renault
ENGINE CODE
CYLINDERS Straight 4
CAPACITY 1.5 litre
1470 cc
(89.705 cu in)
BORE × STROKE
76 × 81 mm
2.99 × 3.19 in
BORE/STROKE RATIO 0.94

VALVE GEAR overhead valve (OHV)
2 valves per cylinder
8 valves in total
MAXIMUM POWER OUTPUT 79 PS (78 bhp) (58 kW)
at 6000 rpm
MAXIMUM TORQUE 103 Nm (76 ft·lb) (10.5 kgm)
at 4000 rpm
SPECIFIC OUTPUT 39.6 kW/litre
53.8 ps/litre
53.1 bhp/litre
0.87 bhp/cu in
SPECIFIC TORQUE 70.07 Nm/litre
0.85 ft·lb/cu3
ENGINE CONSTRUCTION
SUMP
COMPRESSION RATIO 10.25:1
FUEL SYSTEM 1 So carb
BMEP (BRAKE MEAN EFFECTIVE PRESSURE) 880.5 kPa (127.7 psi)
MAXIMUM RPM
CRANKSHAFT BEARINGS
ENGINE COOLANT Water
UNITARY CAPACITY 367.5 cc
ASPIRATION Normal
COMPRESSOR N/A
INTERCOOLER None
CATALYTIC CONVERTER N
PERFORMANCE
ACCELERATION 0-80KM/H (50MPH) 6.9 s
ACCELERATION 0-60MPH 9.3 s
ACCELERATION 0-100KM/H
ACCELERATION 0-160KM/H (100MPH)
STANDING QUARTER-MILE 16.7 s
STANDING KILOMETRE
MAXIMUM SPEED 185 km/h (115 mph)
POWER-TO-WEIGHT RATIO Higher is better
119.82 PS/tonne (1000 kg)
0.12 PS/kg
88.13 kW/tonne (1000 kg)
0.09 kW/kg
118.18 bhp/tonne (1000 kg)
0.12 bhp/kg
0.05 bhp/lb
WEIGHT-TO-POWER RATIO Lower is better
11.35 kg/kW
18.95 lb/bhp
FUEL CONSUMPTION
FUEL CONSUMPTION
UNIVERSAL FUEL CONSUMPTION (CALCULATED FROM THE ABOVE)
LITRES/100KM
KM/LITRE
UK MPG
US MPG
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS

CARFOLIO CALCULATED CO2 ?

VED BAND (UK)
CO2 EFFIZIENZ (DE)
CHASSIS
ENGINE POSITION mid
ENGINE LAYOUT unknown
DRIVE WHEELS rear wheel drive
TORQUE SPLIT N/A
STEERING
TURNS LOCK-TO-LOCK
TURNING CIRCLE
FRONT SUSPENSION
REAR SUSPENSION
WHEEL SIZE FRONT
WHEEL SIZE REAR
TYRES FRONT
TYRES REAR
BRAKES F/R
FRONT BRAKE DIAMETER
REAR BRAKE DIAMETER
BRAKED AREA
GEARBOX 4 speed manual